A new weed species—does it prove Creation wrong?
by Philip Bell
Two British scientists have just reported their findings of a new species of a type
of weed known as a groundsel. The title of their paper1
seems innocuous enough, merely stating that this new weed—Senecio eboracensis—is
a hybrid between two other groundsel species. Yet a commentary in The Times
of London proudly proclaimed this as a demonstration of ‘evolution in action’.
Furthermore, in a not-too-subtle stab at believers in Biblical Creation, the author
stated that the weed’s discovery confirms that ‘Darwin was right and
the creationists are wrong’!2
stock.xchng
Photo of a herbarium specimen of the species
But does the formation of a new species (i.e. ‘speciation’) really conflict
with Scripture? Not at all, as we have repeatedly shown. Rapid diversification within
the Genesis kinds—including speciation—is a specific prediction
of the Creation model.3,4 Following the global Flood at the time of Noah, about
4,500 years ago, plants, animals and people spread out into the new world, and adaptation
to new habitats and niches would be expected. God’s created capacity for genetic
variety, coupled with the stresses and challenges of new and changeable environments
in the post-Flood world, is likely to have resulted in many new varieties (and species)
of creatures—but this is not evolution of the ‘big-picture’ sort
that is required to turn fish into frogs or badgers into biologists.
Interestingly, the Times article stated, ‘The creation of new species
can takes [sic] thousands of years, making it too slow for science to detect.’
However, this evolutionary belief does not fit with documented cases of
speciation events occurring well within a human lifetime.5
In this particular case, the hybrid weed, dubbed the York Groundsel,6 is apparently unable to breed back to either of its parent
species, the Common Groundsel or the Oxford Ragwort.7
This reproductive isolation is not evolution of the sort which would be capable
of eventually turning microbes into magnolias and microbiologists. That sort of
change requires the generation of new genetic information in the DNA. Rather,
a hybrid—or cross between two species—results from the recombination
of existing information from both parent species; no new information has
been generated. What the Times article also fails to mention is that Dr
Richard Abbott (who coauthored the paper about the York Groundsel) has previously
reported that the Oxford Ragwort parent species is actually itself a hybrid and
‘not a true species’.8
Darwin was correct to point out that natural selection may produce new varieties
of organisms, which might then sometimes even go so far as to generate new species.
However, these observations he mistakenly extrapolated to his grand theory to explain
the origin of the major kinds/types of plants and animals. To promote this ‘scruffy
little weed’ as answering the ‘Creation or evolution?’ question
shows a very superficial understanding of what creationists actually believe, and
more importantly, what the Bible actually says (Genesis
1:11): ‘And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding
seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his [its] kind, whose seed is in itself,
upon the earth: and it was so.’ In the last analysis, groundsels breeding
groundsels is not evolution—that’s groundless!
References and notes
- Lowe, A.J. and Abbott, R.J., A new British species, Senecio
eboracensis (Asteraceae), another hybrid derivative of S. vulgaris
L. and S. squalidus L., Watsonia 24(3):375–387,
2001–2002. Watsonia is the journal of the Botanical Society of the
British Isles (BSBI), see <www.bsbi.org.uk/html/publications.html>.
Return to text.
- Browne, A., Scruffy little weed shows Darwin was right as evolution
moves on, Times Online, <www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2-584528,0
0.html>, 10 March 2003. Return to text.
- See for example, CMI’s online page,
Q&A: Speciation and Creation for a series of helpful articles on this. Return to text.
- Batten, D. (Ed.) et al.,
The Answers Book, Creation
Ministries International, Brisbane, Australia, p. 242, 1999. Return
to text.
- See Catchpoole, D.,
Wieland, C., Speedy species surprise, Creation
23(2):13–15, 2001. Return to text.
- It was first noticed on wasteland in 1979, in the north England
town of York, by Richard Abbott, a plant biologist and one of the coauthors of the
scientific report. The species name, eboracensis, is derived from Eboracum,
the Roman name for York. Return to text.
- I.e. Senecio vulgaris and Senecio squalidus respectively.
Senecio spp. are collectively known as ragworts. Return to text.
- See <www.ulstermuseum.org.uk/flora/4367.htm>, which quotes
Richard Abbott’s paper: Abbot, R.J., James, J.K., Irwin, J.A., Comes, H.P.,
Hybrid origin of the Oxford Ragwort, Senecio squalidus L., Watsonia
23:123–138, 2000. Return to text.
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