Explore

The Creation-Evolution Controversy

R. L. Wysong

Index

Abelson, P., 19, 101, 221, 229

Abiogenesis, 63, 218

Acetylcholine, 394

Acquired characteristics,265, 266

Adenosine triphosphate, 214

Adler, I., 202

Age (also see dating methods)

earth, 146, 151,161-163, 171-175

universe, 78, 142, 144, 145, 151, 169, 177, 178

man, 147, 148, 295-300

galaxy, 169-171

solar system, 171, 175

moon, 172, 177

Niagara Falls, 175

Agranoff, B., 104

Alanine, 69-72

Aldehydes, 213

Amino acids, 69-76, 81, 84, 87, 89-91, 101, 102, 113, 114, 125, 140, 192, 202, 203, 207, 215, 222-227, 395, 404, 406

Ammonia, 19, 20, 207, 221

Amariglio, H. and A., 71, 74

Amphibians, 302, 357, 383

Amatosaurus, 357

Anaximander, 44, 55

A nderson, J., 152

Anters, E., 150

Anthony, C., 198

Anthropomorphism, 399-402, 395-397

Antibiotics, 313, 314

Antibodies, 394

Antigens, 224

Appendix, human, 397

Aquinas, T., 63, 260

Archaeopteryx, 300, 301, 303, 356, 378

Arginine, 229

Argon-36, 172

Argumentum ad populum, 19, 29

Aristotle, 2, 180, 419

Ark, Noacian, 385

Arnold, C., 281

Arrhenius, 222

Arthropods, 370, 372

Artifacts, 370-373, 378, 381

Asimov, I., 239, 256, 259, 340

Aspartic acid, 227

Atmosphere

methane ammonia vs planetary outgassing, 19, 20, 207, 221

reducing, 210, 211, 216, 217, 220, 221

oxidizing, 178, 209-212, 216-218

ozone, 210, 212, 217, 388-391

canopy, (preflood)388-391

Atoms, 140, 253

Augustine, 63

Aulacantha, 395

Australopithecus , 300

Axelrod, D., 362, 370

Ayala, F., 272

Bacon, F., 27, 180

Bacteria, 217, 236, 311, 312, 319, 274, 286, 287

Bahnsen, G., 7

Baker, E., 282

Band, H., 324, 325

Barnes, T., 161

Barnett, L., 141, 242, 261

Bat, 172, 173, 288, 340, 341

Bee, 342

Beetle, 341

Behavior, human, 2, 4, 395-397

Bellware, F., 228

Bent, H., 253

Bernal, J. D., 46, 47, 122, 190, 206, 207, 214

Bathybius haeckelii, 417

Bible, 94, 385, 390

Biases, biochemical, 123-126

Biochemical predestination, theory of, 235

Biogenesis, law of, 180-189, 200, 286, 399, 401, 419, 420

Biomonomers, 201, 202

Biopoiesis (see spontaneous generation) 57, 62, 67, 73, 140, 141, 182-184, 209, 210, 214, 216, 219-238, 248, 254

Birds, 59, 282, 300, 301, 314, 315, 323, 343, 356, 378, 382, 391, 394, 401

Biston betularis (see peppered moth) 313, 315

Blood, 58, 394, 396

Blum, H., 73, 76, 120, 137, 197, 203, 206, 243, 245, 25 1, 403, 409

Bock, W., 400

Borel, E., 79, 118

Bounoure, 418

Brain, 99, 340

Breeding, 310, 312, 316-318

Bremermann, H., 99, 104, 112

Breneman, W., 400

Brinkman, R., 211

Bristlecone pine, 165

Brown, H., 350

Buchanan, 117

Burton, M. and R., 327

Butler, J., 96, 191

Butterfly, 341

Calcium, 394

Callender, H., 108

Calvin, M., 16, 101, 206, 207, 413, 415

Cambrian, 154, 174, 280, 362, 363, 369, 370, 378

Cannon, H., 278

Canopy theory, 388-392

Canyon, 172, 174

Capitalism, 8

Carbohydrates, 94

Carbonate, 394, 396

Carbon-14 (see dating methods) 149-152, 158, 159, 387

Caster, K., 349

Cat, 394

Catalysis, 140, 224, 227

Catastrophism, 156, 174, 321, 355-369

Catholic church, 10

Caullery, M., 276

Cause and effect, 142, 257, 263, 412

Cellulose, 86

Ceram, C., 298

Chance (see probability) 77, 78, 91-95, 100, 105, 121, 122, 137-140, 204, 218, 235, 237, 241, 266

Chariots of the Gods 14

Chemical evolution, 66, 67, 413

Chemical oceanography, 162

Chlorophyll, 395

Chromosomes, 96, 99, 266, 394, 395

Chronology (see time) 78, 151, 351

Clark, A., 284

Coacervates, 216, 224, 227, 228

Coal, 174, 356, 366, 370, 373

Coccygeal vertabrae, 398

Coelacanth, 288

Colbert, E., 363

Comet, 167, 168

Communism, 7, 8

Computer, 106, 107

Condensation, 202-206

Copernicus, 10, 180

Coppedge, J., 139

Core, E., 283

Corner, E., 281

Cosmic dust, 166-169, 171

Crater, 170, 171

Crayfish, 395

Creation, Biblical, 94

Creation creed, 57

Creation, sudden, 157, 158, 281, 397, 363

Crick, 99

Cro-Magnon man, 298

Crow, J., 269

Crusades, 10

Crustacean( s), 288, 292, 357, 388, 394

Cycad tree, 288

Cystine, 227

Cytochrome C, 395, 396

Danson, R., 402

Daphnia, 394

Darwin, C., 18, 24, 42, 55, 59, 100, 120, 122, 146, 265, 279, 284, 310, 355, 363

Darwin, E., 312

Dating assumptions, 147-152, 158, 350

Dating methods

potassium-argon 151, 154, 368

radiocarbon, 149-152, 158, 387

showing youth, 156-178

thorium-lead, 155

uranium-lead, 151, 154

Davidson, C., 211

Davis, D., 284

Davis, P,, 31, 45

Death, 149, 164, 191, 192, 246, 320

Debeer, G., 399

Decay, radioactive, 149-157, 177

Delevoryas, T., 281

Democritus, 180

Dendrochronology, 156, 164, 165

Descartes, Rene, 35, 37, 100, 425

DeVries, Hugo, 266

Dewar, D., 7, 283

Dewey, J., 2

Diabetes Mellitus, 86

Diastereoisomers, 70

Dicyanamide, 206, 207

Digestion, 339

Dinosaurs, 282, 357, 373-378, 380

Dipeptides, 140, 203

DNA, 65, 96-104, 109-117, 124-126, 131, 134, 142, 168, 188, 193, 195, 214, 236, 266, 302, 306, 394, 395, 398, 401-406, 411, 413, 419

DNA ligase, 236

DNA mutations, 306-309

DNA polymerase, 236

Dobzhansky, T., 23, 40-43, 62, 126, 250, 267, 269. 271, 272, 311, 337

Dodson, E., 282

Dogs, 59, 60, 312, 317, 318, 394

Dollo's Law of Evolution, 346

Donkey, 395

Drane, J., 2

Drosophila (see fruit fly)

persimilis, 60

equinoxialis, 60

pseudoobscura, 60

willistoni, 60

Dubus, Rene, 250

Dunbar, C. 351

Dunn, L., 40, 62

Earth

age of, 146, 151, 161-166, 171-175

cooling, 171, 172

heat death of, 242, 243, 255, 260

magnetic field of, 161

primordial, 123, 124, 138-140, 184, 202, 204, 206, 211- 216, 220, 223, 388

spin of, 164

subtropical, 388

Es cherichia coli, 81, 313

Eddington, A., 242, 250, 257

Eden, M., 107, 118

Education, suppression of creationists, 28, 411

Einstein, A., 239, 248, 418

Eisenberg, L., 2

Elasser, W., 352

Electricity, 152, 211

Elephant, 394

Embryology, 399-402

Empedocles, 44

Enantiomers, 69-76, 81, 101

Energy conservation of, 241

conversion of, 239, 245

creation of, 241, 263

entropy, 142, 241-247, 251-253, 256, 260

from sun, 215, 244, 245, 263

random effects, 102, 105, 111-113, 196, 259

Entropy, 142, 241-260

Enzymes (see protein enzyme) 140, 196, 197, 224

Epicurus, 44, 180

Erosion, 163, 174, 175, 365

Ethics, 2, 6

Evolution (see phylogeny)

creed, 57

definition, 55, 251, 312, 398

progressive, 315

sequence, 66, 100, 121, 124, 190, 191, 251, 333, 334

social, 3

Evolution Protest Movement of Britain, 338

Exobiology, 12

Expert testimony, involved, 19

Extrapolations, 403-408

Extraterrestrial life

estimated number of civilizations, 11

communication, 8, 11-16

Eye, 306-309, 340, 396

Fascism, 7

Fatty acids, 229

Faunas, 351, 363

Finches, 59, 315, 323

Fish, 282, 288, 292, 340, 357, 359, 391, 394, 395

Fixity, 57, 60-63, 309, 317-319, 323, 406, 417, 419

Fixity through time, 287-294

Fixity vs transformations, 264-311

Flood Biblical

account of, 385

dating of, 387

fossil order of, 383, 387

legends of, 383, 386

ozone canopy of, 391

preflood conditions, 383, 388-391

suffering, evidence of, 357

water canopy implications, 388-392

world wide, 158, 365, 383, 385-388

Flora, 275, 278, 279, 281, 351

Fossilization, 355-357, 361, 364, 368, 387

Fossil record, 64, 163, 174, 281-311, 321, 348-392, 402, 406 , 417, 419

Fossils

amphibians, 302, 357

artifacts, 370-373, 378,381

arthropods, 370, 372

bat, 288

birds, 282, 300, 301, 356, 378, 391

crustaceans, 292, 357, 388

dinosaurs, 357, 380

dinosaur prints, 373-378

fish, 282, 288, 292, 357, 359, 360, 391

graveyard, 302, 356-358, 361

horses, 282, 301, 304

human prints, 373, 375-379, 381

insects, 290, 360

invertebrates, 176, 282, 288, 289, 293, 294

anthanotus borneansis, 302

mammoths, 378, 391, 392

mastodons, 356, 382

man, 212, 295- 300, 373, 381, 382, 390

plants, 280, 281, 287, 288, 356, 365, 388

pollen, 370, 371

reptiles, 282, 289, 300, 302, 381, 383

ripple marks, 357, 360, 366

Seymouria, 302

trees, 288, 366-368

trilobites, 357, 378, 379, 388

vertebrates, 282, 301, 302

Fox model, 223-229

Fox, S., 117, 204, 206, 207, 223, 225-227, 230, 232, 235

Freud, 8

Frogs, 394, 395

Fruit flies, (see Drosophila)

Galaxy, age of, 169, 170, 171

Galileo, 10, 180

Gardner, E., 276

Gavaudan, P., 127

Genes, Genetics, 59, 60, 64, 96, 113, 141, 168, 246, 266, 269, 273, 285, 306, 309, 310, 324

Genetics, applied, 316-321

Genetic code, 267, 307, 401

Gentry, R., 153, 157

Geologic dating (see dating methods)

Geological formations, 166, 170, 172, 174-176, 348-388

George, T., 284, 302, 362

Ginkgo tree, 288

Gish, D., 199, 213

Glucose, 215

Glutamic acid, 227, 232

Glycine, 69, 81, 140, 214, 215

Gnoof-Xert controversy, 50-54

Goethe, 180

Golden Whistler Bird, 314, 315

Goldschmidt evolution, 267, 268

Goldschmidt, R., 23, 267

Goose, 394

Gould, S., 361

Grand Canyon, 173, 174

Gray, J., 254

Greek philosophy, 18

Green, E., 241

G retener, P., 361

Gyorgyi, A., 122

Haeckel, 399-402

Haldane, 117, 199, 200, 219

Half-life, 152, 153, 157, 161

Hall, M. and S., 18, 25

Hanawalt, P., 110

Hardy-Weinberg Law, 317

Harland, W., 363

Harvey, 180

Haupt, A., 311

Haynes, R., 110

Heart, 340

Heartworm cycle, 335

Heat death, 242, 243, 255, 260

Hegel, 180

Heidelberg man, 298, 417

Heisenburg Principle of Uncertainty, 126

Helium, 161, 163, 177

Hemoglobin, 87, 394-396

Hennepin, 175

Heraclitus, 2

Heredity, 99, 185, 266, 310

Heylam, E., 361, 388

Histamine, 394, 396

Hitler, A., 7

Hollingsworth, S., 356

Holy books (see Revelation, expectation of)

Hopkins, 197

Horses Equus nevadeusis, 301

Equus occidentalis, 301

Eohippus, 301, 302

variety of, 304

embryology of, 401

origin of, 282

Host, 328, 334, 335

Hoyle, F., 177, 240

Hughes, P., 420

Hull, D., 102, 140, 214, 215, 222

Human, birth of, 103

Hutchinson's Rules, 327

Huxley, J., 8, 11, 12, 22, 241, 250, 269, 272, 278, 308, 315, 316, 323, 346

Hybrid, hybridization, 316, 318

Hydrogen, 157, 177

Hydrogen cyanide, 206, 207

Hydrolysis, 202, 203

5-Hydroxytryptamine, 394

Information, 102-106, 109, 112, 113, 142, 222, 227, 253, 266, 411

Inquisition 10, 28

Insects, 60, 290, 321, 334, 336, 341, 342, 344, 360, 394, 401

Instinct, 338, 339, 343, 344,

Insulin, 86

Intelligence, intellectual force, 105-113, 124, 131-134, 142, 199, 208, 218, 231, 237, 258, 406, 412-414, 419

Interbreeding (see interfertilization)

Interdependence, 191, 198, 411

Interfertilization, 59-60,317

Interrelationship, 333, 337, 338

Iron, 211

Jarmo, city of, 151, 154

Jastrow, R., 146, 147

Jaws, 341

Jesus, 157

Joly, J., 153

Jueneman, F., 151, 152

Jungck, J., 251

Jury methodology, 48

Kaplan, R., 117, 122

Kay, G., 363

Keith, A., 7, 31, 399

Kellenberger, E., 318

Kelvin, Lord, 131, 146, 172, 260

Kenyon, D., 210, 235

Keosian, J., 121, 130, 137, 190, 203, 216, 230, 234, 404

Kerkut, G., 56, 154, 285

Kinds, biological, 58-60, 317, 319, 278, 304, 385

KNM-ER 1470, 298

Knopf, A., 353

Koch, Leo, 136

Kolm, 154

Kolthoff, N., 198

Kornberg, 184, 185

Kornberg experiment, 236

Kovarik, A., 153

Krynine, P., 361

Krypton, 172, 221

Lacey, J., 247

Lamarckism, 265, 398

Lammerts, W., 274

Lanthanotus borneansis, 302

Laymen, propriety of questioning, 17-29

Leach, J., 401

Leakey, R., 298

Leclerq, S., 370

Legumes, 394

Lewis, C., 44

Libby, W., 150, 159

Lichen, 337

Life-philosophy (see worldview)

Limonite, 378

Lindsay, R., 244

Linnaeus, 59, 318

Lipids, 94, 203

Lipmann, F., 44

Lloyd, F., 338

Lloyd's of London, 12

Longevity, 389-392

Lunar rocks, 154

Luther, 10

Lwoff, A., 281

Lyell, C., 18

Lyttleton, R., 175

MacMillan publishers, 28

Macroevolution, 57

Magnetic decay, 160

Magnetic field half-life, earth's, 161

Malaria, 273

Malthus, 147, 310

Mammoths, 378, 382, 391

Man, (see age of man) origin of, 147, 148, 282, 295-300

history of, 164, 390

characteristics of, 2, 4, 395-397

longevity of, 389-392

Marshall, A., 282

Marsh, F., 59, 60

Marsland, D., 281

Martin, C., 270

Marx, C., 8

Mass action, law of, 203-208, 217, 225

Mastodo ns, 356, 381

Mathews, D., 108, 315

Matter, origin of, 240, 241

Mayr, E., 315, 267

Mednikov, B., 191

Melanism, 316

Mendel, G., 185, 278

Metasequoia tree, 287

Metazoa, 281, 286, 363

Meteorites, 170, 171, 175

Methane, 221

Methodology, 30-54, 48, 68, 85

Mica, 153

Micrometeoroids, 171

Microspheres, 224-228

Microstoma, 336

Migration, 343

Miller, S., 211, 214, 220, 221, 222, 225, 226, 235

Mississippi Delta filling,

Mites, 282

Mold, 395, 396

Mollusks, 151, 287, 288

Moment, G., 400

Monkey, ape, 394, 401

Monnett, V., 350

Monophyletic origin, 58-60

Montagu, A., 271, 272

Moon age of, 172, 177

inert gases of, 172

money for exploration, 8

radiation of, 177

radioactive dust of, 175

Morality, relation to origins, 6, 326, 396

Mora, P., 25, 28, 43, 46, 108, 120, 124, 131, 193, 204, 230, 244

More, L., 31

Morgan, T., 274

Morowitz, H., 114, 242

Morphology, 59, 60, 134

Morse, S., 418

Moths peppered, 279, 313, 314, 315

yucca, 270

Motulsky, A., 6, 10

Muller, H., 269

Mullins, D., 247

Muscles coccygeus muscles, 397

levator ani, 397

Mussolini, 7

Mutations agents, 275-277

definition, 266, 269

DNA and, 306-309

mutants, 266, 269, 273, 274, 310, 311, 313, 314, 319, 324, 325, 390

rate, 273-275, 390, 391

Mycoplasma, 81

NASA, and exobiology, 12

Nationalism, and religion, 11

Naturalistic philosophy, 93, 240, 257, 261, 263, 408, 411

Natural selection, 60-62, 74, 100, 122, 127, 304, 312-326, 329-333, 385, 419

Nature, 416, 418, 419

Neanderthal man, 296

Nebraska man, 295, 296, 417

Neo-Darwinism, 126-128, 312, 323, 278

predictions of, 324-347

Neopili na, 287

Nervous system, 340

Neutrino, 151, 152

Newell, N., 285

Newman, J., 31

Newton, I., 180, 418

Niagara Falls, 175

Nietzsche, F., 7, 403

Nilsson, H., 270, 272, 283, 418

Nitrogen, 149, 150, 211, 213

Norman, J., 282

Nucleic acids, 94, 203

Nucleotides 96, 97, 101, 104, 115, 124, 192, 207, 213

Oceans dating, 162, 163, 166 primordial, 203, 204, 213, 214, 216, 229, 230, 256, 257

Oddity, 333

Oil beds, 159, 160, 174, 356,

Ommanney, F., 282

Ontogeny, 399-402

Oparin, A.I., 1, 44, 74, 99, 120, 139, 192, 209, 210, 216, 219, 222, 224, 228, 230, 232, 247

Oppenheimer, J., 400

Optical activity, 72-74, 87, 222

Organs, origin of, 278, 279, 321-323

Orgel, L., 6, 74, 122, 191

Orion nebula, 170

Overthrusts, 369, 371

Oxygen, 178, 209-212, 216-218

Ozone, 210, 212, 217, 388-391

Pachycephala pectoralis, 314, 315

Packard, 397

Paleontology, 31, 137

Panpolymerization, 232

Panspermia theory, 33

Pantin, C., 44, 344, 352

Paramecium, 395

Parasite, 328, 334, 335, 338

Pasteur, L., 180, 181, 182, 184, 146, 418

Pasteurella pestis, 394

Pattee, 193

Pauling, L., 121

Peppered moth, 313

Peptides, 140, 203

Peroxides, 211

PH, 340

Philosophy of life, 43-49, 131

Phi X 174 virus, 236

Phosphorous, 214, 394

Phosphorous pentoxide, 206, 207

Photosynthesis, 137, 211, 217, 245

Phylogeny

bats, 282, 288

birds, 282, 300

fishes, 282, 292

horses, 282, 301

human embryology, 399-402

insects, 282, 290

metazoa, 281

mites and ticks, 282

plants, 281, 283

platyhelminthes, 281

pterosaur, 282

rodents, 282

snakes, 282, 302

snails, clams and squids, 282

vertabrates, 282, 283

Pig, 396

Piltdown man, 296, 417

Pinna, G., 300

Pioneer 10

plaque, 12, 15

Pirie, N., 43, 421

Plague, 394, 396

Planets, 90

Plants, 165, 281, 283, 287, 288, 356, 357, 365, 366, 370, 385, 388, 390, 394, 395, 401

Plato, 180

Platyhelminthes, 281

Pleochroic halos, 153, 157

Polanyi, M., 131, 134

Pollen, fossilized, 370, 371

Pollution, 321

Polonium-214, 157

Polymers, polymerization, 122, 123, 124, 201, 202, 204-208, 216, 224

Polyps, 336

Polypeptides, 140, 202, 203, 206

Polyphyletic origin, 58-60

Polystrate trees, 366, 367, 368

Ponnamperuma, C., 214

Pope, C., 282

Popper, K., 27

Popularity, argument from, see argumentum ad populum) 20, 21

Popularity, creationism, 21

Population growth, 147, 169, 324, 325

Positions (naturalistic evolution vs supernatural creation) PPL0, 81

Potassium-argon dating (see dating methods) 151, 154, 368

Pre-Cambrian, 362-370

Price, C., 25, 366

Primitive conditions, 123, 124, 138, 139, 140, 184, 202-216

Probability coin flipping, 77-79

creationistic use, 411-421

DNA protein, 113-118

eye, 308

Hull's calculation, 215

law of, 79, 80

L-protein, 81-85

mathematics of, 77

reasoning on, 79-81

sequenced protein, 85-90

thermodynamics and, 243, 253, 254

time and, 138, 139

protein total, 90-93

Trop and Shaki calculation, 213

Propaganda, use by both sides, 21-24

Proteins (enzymes) 69-93, 113-117, 124, 126, 139, 140, 195, 196, 202-207, 215, 217, 223-227, 252, 404

Proteinoids, 125, 224-229

Proto, use assumes evolution, 8

Protozoa, 274, 286, 395, 400

Pterosaur, 282

Quantum mechanics, 131

Racemization, 71, 74

Racism and origins, 4, 8 , 11

Radiation, 73, 151, 152, 158, 169, 172, 175, 177, 211, 215, 216, 229, 273-276, 388-391

Radiation, cosmic, 149, 150, 152, 161, 169

Radioactive dating, (see dating methods)

Radiolysis, 73

Raven, C., 3

Redi, 180, 181, 185

Reductionism, 129-135, 239, 262, 263

Reed, C., 150

Religion, effect of. 10, 11, 409, 419, 420

Reproduction, 96,99, 126, 127, 131, 136, 138, 194, 198, 246, 269, 331

Reptiles, 401, 394, 282, 289, 300, 302, 395

Revelation, expectation of, 13-16

Rickover, H., 24

Rimmer, H., 296

Ripple marks, 357, 360, 366

Riser, W., 317

Rivers (San Juan) 174

RNA, 104, 113, 114, 193

Robson, G., 282

Rostand, J., 283

Rubey, W., 159

Rudwick, M., 363

Rusch, W., 373

Sagan, C., 12-15, 74, 104, 112, 117, 118, 138, 139, 214, 217, 226, 244, 267, 331, 393, 420

Saki, 80

Savage, J., 23

Schaffer, E., 32

Scheinfeld, A., 309

Schelling, 180

Schindewolf, O., 351

Schramm, G., 124, 193, 206, 207

Schrodinger, 197

Schutzenberger, M.P., 107

Schwartz, A., 214

Science, definition, 40, 256

Scientific method, 27, 41, 44, 48

Scopes trial, 295

Sea lilly, 288

Seals, 151

Sea Urchin, 282, 288

Second law of thermodynamics (see thermodynamics)

Sedimentary rocks catastrophic origin, 158, 174, 175, 355, 356, 361, 362, 365, 368

coal, 174, 356, 366, 370, 373

conglomerate, 158, 173-176, 355-357, 361-365, 381-392

fossils and, 176, 285, 348-392

intergradation, 281-285, 383

order of deposition, 348-358, 367

rate of, 163, 166, 173, 176

sandstone, 357

Serine, 227

Setti, L., 345

Seymouria, 302

Shaki, A., 213

Shark, 288, 357, 360

Sheep, 394

Sickle cell anemia, 87, 312, 273

Similarities chromosome and DNA, 395

contemporary organisms and fossils, 287, 288

to human structure, 394-396 man

and primate similarities, 395-397

Simpson, G., 6, 40, 45, 64,105, 130, 272, 273, 283, 284, 310, 364

Sinnott, 198

Situation ethics and evolution, 6

Slusher, H., 175

Smith, A., 228, 375

Smith, F., 313

Smith, H., 282

Smith, R., 327

Snakes, 282, 302

Social evolution, 7

Solar drag force, 171

Solar system, 168, 171

Solomon, E., 31, 45

Southwest Colorado man, 296

Spallanzani, 180, 181, 182

Spangler, G., 152

Spark discharge tube, 220, 222

Speciation, 315, 318

Species (see kinds)

Spencer, H., 55

Spieker, E., 354, 369

Spiders, 338, 341

Spontaneous generation (see also biopoiesis) 46, 100, 137, 140, 141, 180, 181, 184, 187, 200, 209, 215, 237, 259, 286

Spores, cosmic, 212

Squids, 282, 288

Stalagmite, 172

Stalagtite, 172

Starch, 86

Stars, 90, 156, 161

Starfish, 282, 287

Stefan's Law of Radiation, 172

Steinman, 210, 235

Stereoisomers (see enantiomers)

Stomach, 339

Stone Henge, 413

Stovrall, J., 350

Stratification, 348-388

Stress, 320-323

Suicide, 328, 329

Sun, 168, 171, 215, 244, 245, 263

Sunflower, 395, 396

Survival of the fit, 267, 269, 326-329, 332, 333

Swinton, W., 399

Systems, thermodynamic, closed, open, 243-253, 255-262

Szutka, A., 216

Taxonomy, 58-60

Tertiary structure, 87

Tetrapyrole ring, 395

Thales, 44, 180

Theism, 63, 64, 157

Theistic evolution, 63, 64

Thermodynamics definitions, 203, 215, 216, 239, 242, 248, 250, 419, 420

first law of, 239, 262, 263

second law of, 241-248, 250-263

Thompson, W., 6, 10, 26, 271, 283, 401

Thorium, 161, 177

T hreonine, 70, 227

Ticks, 282

Time (see dating methods)

Time and probability, 137-139, 321

Time, nature of, 141-144

Tinkle, W., 316

Tocquet, R., 102, 197, 257, 416

Tongue, 339, 344

Transformation, organism, 264-311, 405, 406, 417, 419

Transmutation, 56, 314-316, 319, 323

Tree ring dating (see dendrochronology)

Trees, Fossilized, 288, 366-368

Trilobites, 357, 378, 379, 388

Tripeptides, 203

Trop, M., 213

Tryptophan Synthetase A, 85, 86

Tuatara, 287

Turtle, 394, 395

Twenhofel, W., 353

2001--A Space Odyssey, 12

Ultraviolet light, 102, 152, 158, 168, 212-218, 221, 222

Uniformitarianism, uniformity, 162, 172, 178, 353, 355, 361, 362, 364, 365, 367, 369, 385, 405

Universe age, 78, 142, 144, 145, 151,169, 177, 178, 262, 263

decay of, 259, 261, 262

misc., 90, 91, 121, 142, 156, 157, 240, 255, 261, 262

size, 139

substance of, 239, 240, 243

Uranium, 153, 154, 161, 177

Uranium-lead dating (see dating methods), 151, 154

Urey, H., 19, 75, 136, 210, 211, 214, 220, 221, 226, 235

Vallentyne, J.j 226, 361

Vampyroteuthis, 288

Variation in organisms (see similarities) 278, 314-318

Velikovsky, 28

Venus Fl Trap, 339

Vestigial organs, 397-399

Villee, C., 313

Virchow, Rudolf, 180, 182

Virus, 66, 184, 185, 193-195, 236, 286

Volcanism, 166, 206, 207, 224, 225, 391

Von Braun, W., 418

Von Englen, O., 349

Von Fange, E., 381

Waddington, C., 110, 272, 306, 324, 399

Wald, G., 32, 71, 74, 81, 136-141, 416

Walker, W., 313

War, attitudes toward, 3, 4

Wasp, 334, 336

Water bug, 344

Watson, 99

Weidel, W., 194

Weismann, A., 265

Weisz, P., 146

White, E., 351

Whitelaw, R. , 159 , 387

Wigner, E., 131

World view, 2-7, 130, 257

Xenon, 221

X-Rays, 273, 390

Zucherman , S., 31

Zuckerkandl, E . 121

Return To Present Day Scientists Who Believe in the Creator

Published: 9 February 2006